(June 17, 2009) — Nanoparticles specially engineered by University of Central Florida Assistant Professor J. Manuel Perez and his colleagues could someday target and destroy tumors, sparing patients from toxic, whole-body chemotherapies.
Des nanoparticules pourraient un jour cibler et détruire les tumeurs épargant aux patients d'avoir à subir la chimio.Perez and his team used a drug called Taxol for their cell culture studies, recently published in the journal Small, because it is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic drugs. Taxol normally causes many negative side effects because it travels throughout the body and damages healthy tissue as well as cancer cells.
Perez et son équipe utilise un médicament appelé Taxol pour leur études en laboratoire parce que c'est un médicament largement utilisé dans le monde de la chimio. C'est un médicament qui cause de nombreux effets secondaires cependant.The Taxol-carrying nanoparticles engineered in Perez's laboratory are modified so they carry the drug only to the cancer cells, allowing targeted cancer treatment without harming healthy cells. This is achieved by attaching a vitamin (folic acid) derivative that cancer cells like to consume in high amounts.
Les nanoparticules de Perez sont modifiées pour transporter le médicamnet seuleemnt sur les cellules cancéreuses. Il réalise cela en attachant une vitamine, un acide folique que les cellules cancéreuses consomment en grande quantité.Because the nanoparticles also carry a fluorescent dye and an iron oxide magnetic core, their locations within the cells and the body can be seen by optical imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). That allows a physician to see how the tumor is responding to the treatment.
Parce que la particule transporte aussi un récipient fluorescent et un oxide magnétique de fer, sa location dans les cellules et dans le corps peut être vu par les procédés d'imagerie comme la résonance magnétique cela permet au docteur de voir comment la tumeur répond au médicament.The nanoparticles also can be engineered without the drug and used as imaging (contrast) agents for cancer. If there is no cancer, the biodegradable nanoparticles will not bind to the tissue and will be eliminated by the liver. The iron oxide core will be utilized as regular iron in the body.
Les nanoparticules peuvent aussi être utilisées sans le médicament pour voir le cancer. S'il n'y a pas de cancer, les nanoparticules sont biodégradables et ne colleront pas aux tissus, ils seront simplement éliminés par le foie. Le fer sera utilisé par le corps."What's unique about our work is that the nanoparticle has a dual role, as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent in a biodegradable and biocompatible vehicle," Perez said.
Perez has spent the past five years looking at ways nanotechnology can be used to help diagnose, image and treat cancer and infectious diseases. It's part of the quickly evolving world of nanomedicine.
The process works like this. Cancer cells in the tumor connect with the engineered nanoparticles via cell receptors that can be regarded as "doors" or "docking stations." The nanoparticles enter the cell and release their cargo of iron oxide, fluorescent dye and drugs, allowing dual imaging and treatment.
"Although the results from the cell cultures are preliminary, they are very encouraging," Perez said.
"Même si les résultats en laboratoire sont préliminaires, ils sont très encourageants."A new chemistry called "click chemistry" was utilized to attach the targeting molecule (folic acid) to the nanoparticles. This chemistry allows for the easy and specific attachment of molecules to nanoparticles without unwanted side products. It also allows for the easy attachment of other molecules to nanoparticles to specifically seek out particular tumors and other malignancies.
Perez's study builds on his prior research published in the prestigious journal Angewandte Chemie Int. Ed. His work has been partially funded by a National Institutes of Health grant and a Nanoscience Technology Center start-up fund.
"Our work is an important beginning, because it demonstrates an avenue for using nanotechnology not only to diagnose but also to treat cancer, potentially at an early stage," Perez said.
"nos travaux prouvent que les nanoparticules peuvent être employés pour traiter le cancer et non seulement pour le diagnostiquer."Perez, a Puerto Rico native, joined UCF in 2005. He works at UCF's NanoScience Technology Center and Chemistry Department and in the Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences in the College of Medicine. He has a Ph.D. from Boston University in Biochemistry and completed postdoctoral training at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School's teaching and research hospital.